Class 4 Maths — 19 skills

Place value to 99,999

Each place is 10 times the one to its right: ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten-thousands.

Builds on: 3-digit place value

Try it:

1. What is the value of the tens digit in 99,995? → 90
2. What is the value of the ten-thousands digit in 26,132? → 20,000

Compare and order big numbers

More digits = bigger. Same number of digits? Compare from the left.

Builds on: Place value to 99,999, Compare and order 3-digit numbers

Try it:

1. Which is the largest ? → 4848
2. Which is the smallest ? → 1509

Round to the nearest 100 or 1000

Look one place to the right of where you are rounding: 5 or more rounds up.

Builds on: Round to the nearest 10, Place value to 99,999

Try it:

1. Round 1421 to the nearest 100. → 1400
2. Round 2616 to the nearest 1000. → 3000

4-digit addition and subtraction

Line up the places. Add or subtract from the ones, carrying or borrowing as needed.

Builds on: 3-digit addition, 3-digit subtraction

Try it:

1. 5597 − 1535 = ? → 4062
2. 6248 + 3506 = ? → 9754

2-digit × 2-digit

Split one number: 23 × 14 = 23 × 10 + 23 × 4 = 230 + 92 = 322.

Builds on: 2-digit × 1-digit

Try it:

1. 20 × 29 = ? → 580
2. 47 × 31 = ? → 1457

Division with remainders

Find the biggest multiple that fits, then what is left over is the remainder (always less than the divisor).

Builds on: Division as equal sharing

Try it:

1. 275 ÷ 6 = ? (quotient R remainder) → 45 R 5
2. 107 ÷ 4 = ? (quotient R remainder) → 26 R 3

Factors and multiples

A factor divides a number exactly. A multiple is in that number's times table.

Builds on: Times tables 2–10, Division as equal sharing

Try it:

1. Which of these is a factor of 30? → 10
2. Which of these is a multiple of 4? → 28

Equivalent fractions

Multiply (or divide) the top and bottom by the same number: 1/2 = 2/4 = 3/6.

Builds on: Fractions of a shape

Try it:

1. 1/2 = ?/10 → 5
2. 1/2 = ?/6 → 3

Add and subtract like fractions

Same bottom number? Just add (or subtract) the tops. The bottom stays the same.

Builds on: Equivalent fractions

Try it:

1. 2/10 + 5/10 = ? → 7/10
2. 5/10 − 3/10 = ? → 2/10

Money with rupees and paise

₹1 = 100 paise. Add the paise first; every 100 paise makes another rupee.

Builds on: Money: totals and change, 4-digit addition and subtraction

Try it:

1. ₹34.71 + ₹31.10 = ? → ₹65.81
2. ₹40.48 + ₹35.16 = ? → ₹75.64

Bigger units: km, litres, kg

1 km = 1000 m · 1 L = 1000 mL · 1 kg = 1000 g. Multiply by 1000 to change to the smaller unit.

Builds on: Metres and centimetres, Kilograms and grams

Try it:

1. 4 L 300 mL = ? mL → 4300
2. 4 kg 400 g = ? g → 4400

Area of a rectangle

Area counts the squares inside: length × width, in square units.

Builds on: Perimeter, Times tables 2–10

How much time has passed

Add the hours, then the minutes. If the minutes reach 60, that is one more hour.

Builds on: Time to 5 minutes

Try it:

1. A film starts at 10:30 am and lasts 5 min. When does it end? → 10:35 am
2. A film starts at 4:35 pm and lasts 1 h 20 min. When does it end? → 5:55 pm

The 24-hour clock

After 12 noon, subtract 12 from the hour: 15:30 → 3:30 pm. Before noon, it is am.

Builds on: Time to 5 minutes

Try it:

1. What is 23:10 in 12-hour time? → 11:10 pm
2. What is 02:20 in 12-hour time? → 2:20 am

Kinds of angles

Right angle = 90° (a square corner). Less than 90° is acute; between 90° and 180° is obtuse; 180° is a straight angle.

Builds on: Sides and corners

Try it:

1. An angle of 180° is… → straight
2. An angle of 52° is… → acute

Multi-step problems with × and ÷

Ask: what must I find first? Watch for "how many boxes" — a part-full box still counts.

Builds on: Two-step word problems, Division with remainders

Try it:

1. Pencils come in boxes of 8. A school needs 114 pencils. How many boxes must it buy? → 15
2. Pencils come in boxes of 12. A school needs 49 pencils. How many boxes must it buy? → 5

Heads and legs

Pretend every animal has 2 legs first. Each extra 2 legs left over belongs to a 4-legged animal.

Builds on: 2-digit × 2-digit, Work backwards

Try it:

1. A farm has hens and cows. There are 14 heads and 38 legs. How many cows ? → 5
2. A farm has hens and cows. There are 14 heads and 40 legs. How many cows ? → 6

Coin puzzles

Like heads-and-legs: assume all are the smaller coin, then see how much is left over.

Builds on: Money: totals and change, Heads and legs

Try it:

1. Ishaan has 7 coins, all ₹5 and ₹10, worth ₹55 in total. How many ₹10 coins? → 4
2. Diya has 13 coins, all ₹5 and ₹10, worth ₹90 in total. How many ₹10 coins? → 5

Smart estimation

Round to friendly numbers first: 49 × 21 ≈ 50 × 20 = 1000.

Builds on: Round to the nearest 100 or 1000

Try it:

1. Which is the best estimate of 58 × 21? → 1200
2. Which is the best estimate of 18 × 61? → 1200